Biology
The integration of biology in our project leverages biocompatible titanium to ensure safe implantation and minimal tissue response. The device mimics natural auditory processes through bone conduction, facilitating sound transmission to the cochlea, thereby enhancing auditory perception and ensuring long-term compatibility with human tissue.
Integration
Biocompatibility of Titanium
Titanium is widely used in medical implants because it is highly biocompatible, meaning it is not rejected by the body and integrates well with biological tissues.
Tissue Response
When foreign materials are introduced into the body, they may trigger a response. Titanium minimizes this due to its inert and non-toxic nature.
Biocompatibility of Titanium
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Concept: Titanium is the primary material used in the cochlear implant due to its excellent biocompatibility—its ability to integrate with human tissue without causing adverse immune or inflammatory responses.
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Biological Principle: Titanium forms a titanium dioxide (TiO₂) layer when exposed to oxygen, making it chemically inert and resistant to corrosion in the human body. This oxide layer prevents the release of ions that could provoke an immune reaction.
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Application:
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The titanium casing of the implant interacts directly with body fluids and tissues. Its non-reactive nature ensures it does not degrade or trigger inflammation.
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The smooth surface minimizes friction with tissues, reducing the risk of irritation or damage.
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Tissue Response
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Concept: The implant must be designed to minimize adverse tissue responses such as inflammation, scarring, or rejection. Proper tissue integration ensures the long-term stability and functionality of the device.
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Biological Principle: Upon implantation, the body initiates a foreign body response (FBR). This involves:
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Acute phase: Inflammatory cells like macrophages and neutrophils surround the implant.
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Chronic phase: Fibroblasts form a fibrous capsule around the implant, which can affect its performance.
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Application:
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The design minimizes the thickness of the fibrous capsule by ensuring the implant's surface is smooth and chemically stable.
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Anti-inflammatory treatments or coatings may be applied to the implant to further reduce tissue reactions.